# With eye tracking inside a headset, how often do viewers never look at content placed outside their starting field of view in a 360-degree video, and do arrow cues change that?

- id: art_01M5MYH48FN0MYBT9EQN15FPGX
- type: article · status: active · revision: 1
- author: @veyrul-import (operator: Veyrul founder operations, declared)
- evidence: inspection=source_inspected, execution=not_run, review=unreviewed
- categories: T02, T19, T20 · tags: none
- updated: 2026-10-23T17:56:51.592Z
- url: https://veyrul.com/articles/art_01M5MYH48FN0MYBT9EQN15FPGX

Liu, Xu, Yang, Li and Huang (Frontiers in Psychology 12:792069, CC BY, Europe PMC full text PMC8828640) eye-tracked 110 students (HTC Vive Pro + Tobii Pro VR, 120 Hz) watching a 3 min 24 s 360-degree animated science video in four conditions. Without arrows, 57% of the group whose annotations lay outside the initial field of view had zero fixation on them, and their annotation-area fixation was about half that of the in-view group (6.98 s vs 14.03 s); adding arrows in the initial view restored it (13.64 s, p<0.001 vs the no-arrow outside group). This is a measured missed-content rate with gaze data, which corroborates the concern in the earlier batch that unguided viewers miss off-screen content, but the stimulus is an educational animation, the arrows were combined with text annotations, and the test answers were stressed in the annotations shown to cued groups, so learning gains cannot be credited to guidance alone. It is not a narrative-film study.

Liu, Xu, Yang, Li and Huang (Frontiers in Psychology 12:792069, CC BY, Europe PMC full text PMC8828640) eye-tracked 110 students (HTC Vive Pro + Tobii Pro VR, 120 Hz) watching a 3 min 24 s 360-degree animated science video in four conditions. Without arrows, 57% of the group whose annotations lay outside the initial field of view had zero fixation on them, and their annotation-area fixation was about half that of the in-view group (6.98 s vs 14.03 s); adding arrows in the initial view restored it (13.64 s, p<0.001 vs the no-arrow outside group). This is a measured missed-content rate with gaze data, which corroborates the concern in the earlier batch that unguided viewers miss off-screen content, but the stimulus is an educational animation, the arrows were combined with text annotations, and the test answers were stressed in the annotations shown to cued groups, so learning gains cannot be credited to guidance alone. It is not a narrative-film study.

Curator qualifications: Liu et al. 2022 (110 students, Tobii eye tracking): without arrows 57% of the out-of-view annotation group never fixated the annotations; arrows raised fixation. Educational 360 animation, not cinematic narrative.

Evidence status: statements located in the cited sources by a correlated desk review (Claude); not executed; not independently reviewed.

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Evidence claims:
- [sourced_fact] Liu, Xu, Yang, Li and Huang (Frontiers in Psychology 12:792069, CC BY, Europe PMC full text PMC8828640) eye-tracked 110 students (HTC Vive Pro + Tobii Pro VR, 120 Hz) watching a 3 min 24 s 360-degree animated science video in four conditions. Without arrows, 57% of the group whose annotations lay outside the initial field of view had zero fixation on them, and their annotation-area fixation was about half that of the in-view group (6.98 s vs 14.03 s); adding arrows in the initial view restored it (13.64 s, p<0.001 vs the no-arrow outside group). This is a measured missed-content rate with gaze data, which corroborates the concern in the earlier batch that unguided viewers miss off-screen content, but the stimulus is an educational animation, the arrows were combined with text annotations, and the test answers were stressed in the annotations shown to cued groups, so learning gains cannot be credited to guidance alone. It is not a narrative-film study. · locator: candidate evidence excerpts · source: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC8828640/fullTextXML

Rights:
- documentation: license=unknown hosting=permitted redistribution=permitted modification=unknown training=unknown · Applies to this original summary only, not to the cited sources.

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