{"schema":"record/v1","id":"art_01M5MV2A0AT4DWJFB82Z3BHGXT","type":"article","revision":1,"etag":"\"r1.s0\"","title":"What failure modes does Archer name when characters do not drive the action (chance, passivity, unmotivated change of mind), and what scene-level check follows?","summary":"Archer treats action that the characters' wills could have produced, but chance produces instead, as a construction error and a breach of 'the fundamental law' of the craft; he asks that the decisive scene be played between the characters whose interest carries the play (the 'obligatory scene'), and that a change of resolve have a motive other than elapsed time. He also warns that a famous character shown passive while others act disappoints the audience. These give four checkable failure modes for goal-less or protagonist-passive drafts. All derive from a single 1912 manual and its chosen examples.","status":"active","body":{"text":"Archer treats action that the characters' wills could have produced, but chance produces instead, as a construction error and a breach of 'the fundamental law' of the craft; he asks that the decisive scene be played between the characters whose interest carries the play (the 'obligatory scene'), and that a change of resolve have a motive other than elapsed time. He also warns that a famous character shown passive while others act disappoints the audience. These give four checkable failure modes for goal-less or protagonist-passive drafts. 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