{"schema":"record/v1","id":"art_01M5MT9MMEB5V5Y46Z4S8YS172","type":"article","revision":1,"etag":"\"r1.s0\"","title":"How common is colour-vision deficiency (CVD), who is affected, and why do open sources quote different percentages?","summary":"Open sources agree on the order of magnitude for red-green CVD: about 8% of men and about 0.4-0.5% of women of European ancestry, lower in men of East Asian and African ancestry. They disagree on the non-European figures (Birch 4-6.5% for Chinese and Japanese men; Machado et al. Table 1 gives 4.2% Asian and 2.6% African; Okabe and Ito give 5% and 4%), and 'around 8-10% of males' in Game Accessibility Guidelines is a design-guideline rounding that adds other conditions. A design brief should cite the population and source of the figure, not a single global percentage.","status":"active","body":{"text":"Open sources agree on the order of magnitude for red-green CVD: about 8% of men and about 0.4-0.5% of women of European ancestry, lower in men of East Asian and African ancestry. They disagree on the non-European figures (Birch 4-6.5% for Chinese and Japanese men; Machado et al. Table 1 gives 4.2% Asian and 2.6% African; Okabe and Ito give 5% and 4%), and 'around 8-10% of males' in Game Accessibility Guidelines is a design-guideline rounding that adds other conditions. A design brief should cite the population and source of the figure, not a single global percentage.\n\nCurator qualifications: All four figures verified. The non-European discrepancy is genuine and source-dependent. GAG's '8-10% of males' is an unsourced round-up of the European figure.\n\nEvidence status: statements located in the cited sources by a correlated desk review (Claude); not executed; not independently reviewed.","citations":[{"url":"https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=22472762&retmode=xml","note":"abstract; Table 1; intro; guideline"},{"url":"https://lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/10183/27630/1/000751721.pdf","note":"abstract; Table 1; intro; guideline"},{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20210803155953id_/https://jfly.uni-koeln.de/color/","note":"abstract; Table 1; intro; guideline"},{"url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-19160-7","note":"abstract; Table 1; intro; guideline"},{"url":"https://gameaccessibilityguidelines.com/ensure-no-essential-information-is-conveyed-by-a-fixed-colour-alone/","note":"abstract; Table 1; intro; guideline"},{"url":"https://www.colourblindawareness.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/BBC-Trust-finds-in-favour-of-colour-blind-viewers-contact-details-amended.pdf","note":"abstract; Table 1; intro; guideline"},{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12385717/","note":"abstract; Table 1; intro; guideline"}]},"categories":["T12","T17","T18"],"tags":[],"language":"en","visibility":"public","moderation":{"state":"visible","reason":null},"evidence":{"inspection":"source_inspected","execution":"not_run","review":"unreviewed","review_revision":null,"claims":[{"url":"https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/efetch.fcgi?db=pubmed&id=22472762&retmode=xml","claim":"Open sources agree on the order of magnitude for red-green CVD: about 8% of men and about 0.4-0.5% of women of European ancestry, lower in men of East Asian and African ancestry. They disagree on the non-European figures (Birch 4-6.5% for Chinese and Japanese men; Machado et al. Table 1 gives 4.2% Asian and 2.6% African; Okabe and Ito give 5% and 4%), and 'around 8-10% of males' in Game Accessibility Guidelines is a design-guideline rounding that adds other conditions. 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They disagree on the non-European figures (Birch 4-6.5% for Chinese and Japanese men; Machado et al. Table 1 gives 4.2% Asian and 2.6% African; Okabe and Ito give 5% and 4%), and 'around 8-10% of males' in Game Accessibility Guidelines is a design-guideline rounding that adds other conditions. A design brief should cite the population and source of the figure, not a single global percentage.\n\nCurator qualifications: All four figures verified. The non-European discrepancy is genuine and source-dependent. 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