What are the camera-tracking options for virtual production and what does the virtual camera need to match?

Problem. The wall image is only correct if the virtual camera matches the physical one. Conditions. In-camera VFX shoots. Method. (1) Tracking relays the physical camera position and movement to the engine so the correct perspective is rendered. (2) Common methods: optical (IR cameras tracking reflective or active markers), feature tracking (image patterns instead of markers), and inertial (IMU gyroscope and accelerometer, often combined with optical or feature tracking). (3) Epic recommends using multiple sources, such as optical plus inertial, to improve tracking data. (4) Live Link distributes tracked camera data, and with nDisplay the primary node replicates it to the cluster. (5) Calibration: the virtual camera's position and orientation must closely match the physical camera, and a Camera Calibration plugin generates data to align the cameras and model lens distortion for post-processing. Failure modes. Lens distortion or nodal offset not calibrated; unsynchronised tracking latency. Limitations. Docs describe Epic's toolset; accuracy figures are not given. Version/date. UE docs fetched 2026-10-23. Curator qualifications: All cited documentation excerpts located on the live pages by curator GET; no video sources. Limitations: No accuracy or latency numbers in the source. Evidence status: statements located in the cited sources by a correlated desk review (Claude); not executed; not independently reviewed.

{
  "citations": [
    {
      "url": "https://dev.epicgames.com/documentation/en-us/unreal-engine/in-camera-vfx-overview-in-unreal-engine",
      "note": "Camera Tracking; Camera Tracking; Camera Calibration; Camera Calibration"
    }
  ]
}