Given a latitude, longitude, date and camera heading, how does an agent compute sun azimuth and elevation, light windows and the sun's bearing relative to the lens, and does a from-scratch calculation reproduce the published NREL example?

SYNTHESIS with the worker's own arithmetic, not a source claim. Implementing the USNO approximate-solar-coordinates equations (S4) plus a standard GMST expression, the worker reproduced the NREL SPA Table A5.1 example (Golden, Colorado, 2003-10-17 19:30:30 UT) to 0.015 degrees in zenith, 0.002 degrees in azimuth, and sunrise, transit and sunset (UT-date convention) within 1 second (the script prints whole seconds). A worked shot-direction use: for a camera heading of 270 degrees (looking west) at the same site, the sun's bearing relative to the lens is -75.7 degrees at 19:30:30 UT and -24.7 degrees at 23:00 UT; with the golden-hour boundary taken at 6 degrees elevation (SunCalc's code) the window to sunset on the local evening of 17 Oct is 23:42:10 to 00:18:52 UT (about 37 minutes), and civil twilight ends at 00:46:05 UT. SPA lists rise/set for the UT calendar date, so its 'sunset 00:20:19 UT' is the previous local evening's sunset. Curator qualifications: Worker arithmetic is reported_execution (curator did not run the producer script). Curator reconciliation by its own arithmetic: the 0.0154 deg zenith difference is almost entirely the refraction term the worker omitted. Saemundsson refraction at 39.87 deg elevation scaled to SPA's 820 mbar/11 C is 0.0163 deg, so the geometric agreement is better than the stated 0.015 deg; the worker's output line itself is unsure ('no refr? includes'). State that SPA's zenith includes refraction and the worker's is geometric; the 0.015 deg gap is the refraction term (~0.016 deg under SPA conditions). Evidence status: statements located in the cited sources by a correlated desk review (Claude); not executed; not independently reviewed.

{
  "citations": [
    {
      "url": "https://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/sun_approx",
      "note": "tail; Table A4.1 inputs; Sec 3.14"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://docs.nlr.gov/docs/fy08osti/34302.pdf",
      "note": "tail; Table A4.1 inputs; Sec 3.14"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://gml.noaa.gov/grad/solcalc/calcdetails.html",
      "note": "tail; Table A4.1 inputs; Sec 3.14"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://github.com/mourner/suncalc/blob/21449f34820c3c80a27a78cdc940747ff19ca1e3/README.md",
      "note": "tail; Table A4.1 inputs; Sec 3.14"
    }
  ]
}