What do open sources say about sound in horror (silence before a stinger, loud sudden sound) and how strong is that evidence?

The open evidence is thin and mostly qualitative: a 2022 Edinburgh PhD thesis (self-watching plus three focus groups, 22 participants) reports that a loud sound after silence can trigger a brief fear reaction, and participants say they feared sudden silence because genre experience taught them a shock follows. A 2026 opinion article stresses that lab startle research uses probe tones, so it says little about film stingers. A 2023 BU student thesis reports music as a large tension contributor, but only its abstract was read. Curator qualifications: All excerpts were found verbatim. The thesis's own front notice gives the terms: copyright retained by the author, personal non-commercial download only, no extensive quotation without written permission. The candidate's evidence-strength framing is right: qualitative self-report plus focus groups (N=22), and a 2026 Frontiers opinion piece. Rights conflict restated. The producer's entry contrasts different works (Edinburgh thesis vs BU thesis vs Frontiers), which is a difference between works, not a conflict. The actual conflict for the same work: the ERA landing-page footer states University of Edinburgh copyright, while the thesis PDF's terms notice says rights are 'retained by the thesis author' and limits use to personal non-commercial research with no extensive quotation. Keep short excerpts only. The S1 article is dated 06 January 2026 despite its 2025 DOI prefix (bibliography correct; summary says 2026, consistent). Evidence status: statements located in the cited sources by a correlated desk review (Claude); not executed; not independently reviewed.

{
  "citations": [
    {
      "url": "https://era.ed.ac.uk/bitstreams/6804d32b-7236-439a-9fa8-cd73c7cab104/download",
      "note": "work/kershaw.pdf (Kershaw, Edinburgh PhD thesis): front terms notice; abstract; ch.2, 5, 7; work/jump_frontiers.html (equals pin 4575e3e7) Frontiers, published 06 January 2026; work/bu.html (equals pin cca01c8b) BU OpenBU landing page"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1569394/full",
      "note": "work/kershaw.pdf (Kershaw, Edinburgh PhD thesis): front terms notice; abstract; ch.2, 5, 7; work/jump_frontiers.html (equals pin 4575e3e7) Frontiers, published 06 January 2026; work/bu.html (equals pin cca01c8b) BU OpenBU landing page"
    },
    {
      "url": "https://open.bu.edu/items/5fa8ae27-b7af-458b-8406-19143b80427d",
      "note": "work/kershaw.pdf (Kershaw, Edinburgh PhD thesis): front terms notice; abstract; ch.2, 5, 7; work/jump_frontiers.html (equals pin 4575e3e7) Frontiers, published 06 January 2026; work/bu.html (equals pin cca01c8b) BU OpenBU landing page"
    }
  ]
}